| 陈佳雄,张志恒,李明晏,刘苗苗.子女情感支持对老年人主观生存预期的影响——基于CHARLS数据的实证研究[J].济宁医学院学报,2026,49(5):399-404 |
| 子女情感支持对老年人主观生存预期的影响——基于CHARLS数据的实证研究 |
| The impact of filial emotional support on the subjective survival expectation of the elderly:an empirical study based on CHARLS data |
| 投稿时间：2026-04-09 |
| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1000-9760.2026.05.003 |
| 中文关键词: 主观生存预期 情感支持 老年人 CHARLS 健康老龄化 |
| 英文关键词: Subjective survival expectation Emotional support Elderly CHARLS Healthy aging |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 29 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 随着人口老龄化加深，老年人主观生存预期受到广泛关注。然而现有研究较少系统关注子女情感支持不同形式的差异化作用。本研究基于中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）数据，深入探讨子女情感支持不同形式（共同居住、实地探望、远程联络）对老年人主观生存预期的影响。方法 纳入2020年CHARLS数据库中≥60岁老年人 7 664例，以主观生存预期为因变量，子女情感支持为核心自变量，控制变量包括人口学特征、生活方式及健康状况等。采用Spearman相关分析与单因素分析筛选影响因素，随后构建有序logistic回归模型，校正混杂因素并分析各变量的独立影响效应。结果 Spearman分析显示，实地探望频率与主观生存预期呈正相关（r=0.109，P＜0.001），远程联络频率与主观生存预期呈负相关（r=-0.091，P＜0.001），共同居住时长与主观生存预期无统计学关联（r=0.009，P＞0.05）。多因素回归结果表明，实地探望频率越高，主观生存预期越积极(OR=1.007，95%CI：1.001~1.012)；远程联络频率越高，主观生存预期越消极(OR=0.994，95%CI：0.990~0.999)；共同居住时长对主观生存预期的影响无统计学意义。此外，高龄、女性、农村、教育程度低、无配偶/伴侣、合并基础疾病的老年人主观生存预期更消极。结论 子女情感支持对老年人主观生存预期的影响因形式不同而存在差异。实地探望依托面对面的情感交流，能够有效慰藉老年人心理、提升其主观生存预期；单纯远程联络缺乏实质陪伴，难以满足老年人精神需求，甚至产生消极影响；共同居住未呈现正向效应，可能是受互动质量与代际关系复杂性的制约。本研究分析了不同情感支持方式对老年人主观生存预期的差异化影响，为优化家庭养老支持模式、推进精准健康老龄化服务提供实证依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective With the deepening of population aging, subjective survival expectation (SSE) among the elderly has drawn increasing attention.However,existing studies have seldom systematically focused on the differential effects of various forms of filial emotional support.Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data,this study investigates the impacts of filial emotional support on the elderly's SSE.Methods A total of 7664 elderly people aged ≥60 years were included from the 2020 CHARLS database.SSE was set as the dependent variable,and filial emotional support as the core independent variable.Covariates included demographic characteristics,lifestyle,and health status.Spearman correlation analysis and univariate analysis were employed to screen influencing factors.An ordinal logistic regression model was constructed to adjust for confounders and estimate the independent effect of each variable.Results Spearman analysis showed that in-person visit frequency was positively correlated with SSE (r=0.109,P＜0.001),while remote contact frequency was negatively correlated with SSE (r=-0.091,P＜0.001).No statistically significant correlation was observed between co-residence duration and SSE (r=0.009,P＞0.05).Multivariate regression indicated that higher frequency of in-person visits was associated with more positive SSE (OR=1.007,95%CI:1.001-1.012);higher remote contact frequency was associated with more negative SSE (OR=0.994,95%CI: 0.990-0.999);while co-residence duration had no statistically significant effect.In addition,the elderly who were advanced in age,female,rural residents,less educated,without spouses/partners,or suffering from chronic diseases reported more negative SSE.Conclusion The impact of filial emotional support on the elderly's SSE varies significantly by support form.In-person visits,through face-to-face emotional interaction,can effectively comfort the elderly and enhance their SSE. Remote contact alone lacks substantial companionship and fails to fulfill the elderly's emotional demands,even exert adverse effects.Co-residence shows no positive effect,which might be restricted by interaction quality and the complexity of intergenerational relationships.This study analyzes the differential impacts of diverse emotional support patterns on the elderly's SSE,providing empirical evidence for optimizing family-based elderly care models and advancing precision healthy aging services. |
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