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| 导师指导对研究生学业投入及抑郁的影响：基本心理需要满足的中介作用* |
| The impact of mentoring on academic engagement and depression among graduate students: the mediating role of basic psychological need satisfaction |
| 投稿时间：2025-12-18 修订日期：2026-04-30 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 导师指导 基本心理需要满足 学业投入 抑郁 中介效应 |
| 英文关键词: Mentoring Basic psychological needs Academic engagement Depression Mediating effect |
| 基金项目:高校体育课程多元干预模式对大学生抑郁倾向的影响及机制研究 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 探讨导师指导对研究生学业投入、抑郁的影响以及基本心理需要满足在其中的中介作用。方法 2024年5月，采用方便抽样法，使用导师指导功能量表、基本心理需要满足问卷、工作投入量表-学生版和患者健康问卷（PHQ-9），对2847名研究生进行问卷调查。采用结构方程模型与Bootstrap法进行中介效应检验。结果 研究生抑郁症状检出率为22%，抑郁得分为1（0，4）分。导师指导与学业投入呈正相关（r = 0.66，p < 0.001），与抑郁症状呈负相关（r = -0.38，p < 0.001）。基本心理需要满足在导师指导与学业投入之间起部分中介作用(β= 0.42, p < 0.001），中介效应占比为63.6%；基本心理需要满足在导师指导与抑郁症状间起完全中介作用（β= -0.40，p < 0.001）。结论 导师指导不仅可直接提升研究生的学业投入，更能通过基本心理需要满足提升研究生学业投入并降低抑郁水平；基本心理需要满足是导师指导影响研究生学业投入和抑郁的核心机制。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective?To explore the impact of mentoring on graduate students' academic engagement and depression, as well as the mediating role of basic psychological need satisfaction in these relationships.?Methods?A cross-sectional survey was conducted using convenience sampling. A total of 2847 graduate students completed the Mentoring Functioning Scale, Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction Scale, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-Student Version, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Structural equation modeling (SEM) with the Bootstrap method was employed to test the mediation effects.?Results?The detection rate of depressive symptoms among graduates was 22%, with a depression score of 1 (0, 4). Mentoring was positively correlated with academic engagement (r = 0.66, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with depression (r = -0.38, p < 0.001). Basic psychological need satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between Mentoring and academic engagement (β = 0.42, p < 0.001), accounting for 63.6% of the total effect. It fully mediated the relationship between mentoring and depression (β = -0.40, p < 0.001).?Conclusion?Mentoring can not only directly enhance graduate students' academic engagement, but also further promote their academic engagement and reduce their depression levels by satisfying their basic psychological needs. The satisfaction of basic psychological needs serves as the core mechanism through which mentoring exerts an impact on graduate students' academic engagement and depression. |
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